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SUMMARY:Mini symposium: Beyond density functional theory for predictive excitations
DESCRIPTION:A description of the electronic excitations in materials and molecules is central to understanding the key optical\, transport and reactive properties. While density functional theory often describes ground state energetics to reasonable accuracy\, it will often more qualitatively fail in its description of these excitations\, and therefore methodological development which can go beyond DFT is of central importance for a theorists toolkit. In this mini-symposium\, we will hear from three researchers at the cutting edge of this field\, developing approaches for ‘Beyond density functional theory for predictive excitaitons’: Neepa Maitra (Rutgers University)\, Marc Dvorak (Aalto University)\, Fillipp Furche (UC Irvine).
URL:https://thomasyoungcentre.org/event/mini-symposium-beyond-density-functional-theory-for-predictive-excitations/
CATEGORIES:Main event
ATTACH;FMTTYPE=image/jpeg:https://thomasyoungcentre.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/TYC-Logo_blue_on_white_2.jpg
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SUMMARY:TYC Highlight Seminar: Intranuclear phase separation\, and its role in transcription and gene regulation
DESCRIPTION:avide Marenduzzo\, University of Edinburgh \n\n\n\nThe recording of the seminar can be found here \n\n\n\nAbstract: Microscopy studies suggest that chromatin and its associated proteins often form phase separated droplets within the nucleus of eukaryotic organisms. I will describe some possible biophysical mechanisms underlying such intranuclear phase separation and microphase separation (arrested phase separation resulting in the formation of droplets of self-limiting size). I will also discuss potential functional roles of phase separation in transcription\, as active and inactive clusters are normally spatially segregated.  \n\n\n\nSpecifically\, I will show that multivalent chromatin binding mediates cooperative interactions between proteins which naturally leads to the creation of phase separated clusters (through what we call the “bridging-induced attraction”). Such clusters are strikingly similar to nuclear bodies and transcription factories found in side eukaryotic nuclei. The model also suggests a potential role of clustering for gene regulation\, and it provides potential solutions to puzzles concerning the actions of enhancers\, super-enhancers\, and expression quantitative trait loci. I will then discuss how the model can be enhanced to include the recently discovered “loop extrusion” so that it can predict 3D chromatin structure genome-wide\, and how it can be used to study the dynamics of chromatin transcription so that it can predict the effect of 3D structure on transcriptional activity in human cells.
URL:https://thomasyoungcentre.org/event/tyc-highlight-seminar-intranuclear-phase-separation-and-its-role-in-transcription-and-gene-regulation/
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